Overview. β-lactam antibiotics are commonly used medication to treat bacterial infections, however certain species including Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, have acquired resistance through expressing β-lactamase. β-lactamase hydrolyses β-lactam rendering ineffective against populations expressing the enzyme. There are a number of genes expressing β-lactamase, many of which are located in plasmids, which cause specific resistance to ... Read More
Overview. β-lactam antibiotics are commonly used medication to treat bacterial infections, however certain species including Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, have acquired resistance through expressing β-lactamase. β-lactamase hydrolyses β-lactam rendering ineffective against populations expressing the enzyme. There are a number of genes expressing β-lactamase, many of which are located in plasmids, which cause specific resistance to ... Read More
Overview. β-lactam antibiotics are commonly used medication to treat bacterial infections, however certain species including Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, have acquired resistance through expressing β-lactamase. β-lactamase hydrolyses β-lactam rendering ineffective against populations expressing the enzyme. There are a number of genes expressing β-lactamase, many of which are located in plasmids, which cause specific resistance to ... Read More
Overview. Macrolide, Lincosamide and Streptogramin antibiotics are distinct chemicals but their mechanism of action are all similar by inhibiting protein synthesis. They are effective against a broad range of gram positive and gram negative bacteria, however resistance against Macrolide, Lincosamide and Streptogramin antibiotics can be caused by the methylation of ... Read More
Overview. Tetracycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic showing effectiveness against gram positive and gram negative bacteria, mycoplasmas, and protozoan parasites. The antibiotic prevents the production of protein synthesis through its ability to stop the attachment of aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosomal acceptor site. However, due to its high effectiveness and inexpensive production, ... Read More
Overview. Colistin antibiotics are considered the last resort drug, treating patients with multi-drug resistant infections caused by gram-negative bacteria. However, with the increased use of colistin antibiotics, caused by the plasmid located Mobile Colistin Resistance (mcr) genes, has lead to the spread of resistance toward these drugs. Three genes of ... Read More
